Sample UP + BP

Latency of

response

de Montigny et

al.(22)

42 (42) depressed

inpatients

AMI, IMI, doxepin, iprindole,

or trimipramine + Li; mixed

open label and placebo

controlled

31 of  42 (74%) responders

Li > PBO

2

Heninger et al.

(43)

15 (14) depressed

inpatients

Desipramine, AMI, or

mianserin + Li or placebo;

double blind, 3 wks.

12 of 15  (80%) responders

LI > PBO

6-18

Nelson and

Mazure (62)

21 (12) psychotically

depressed inpatients

Desipramine + (neuroleptic)

+ Li; open label, 3 wks.

12 of 21 (57%) responders

BP: 8 of 9 (89%)

UP: 3 of 12 (25%)

6-14

Price et al.(81)

84 (73) depressed, mixture

of inpatients and

outpatients

Desipramine, AMI,

adinazolam, bupropion,

fluvoxamine, mianserin, or

trazodone + Li; Open label,

3 wks.

40 of 84 (48%) responders

Marked: 26 of 84 (31%)

Partial: 21 of 84 (25%)

up to 21 days

Delgado et al.

(20)

18 (16) depressed, mixture

of inpatients and

outpatients

Fluvoxamine, open label

9 of 18 (50%) responders

UP: 9 of 16 (56%)

BP: 0 of 2

up to 21 days

Thase et al.(106)

40 (40) outpatients with

recurrent major

depression

IMI (256 mg/d) + Li (n = 20)

vs.  IMI only (266 mg/d),

Historical controls (n = 20),

open label, 6 wks

Li 13 of 20 (65%)

Controls: 5 of 20 (25%)

Li > controls

up to 42 days

Dinan and Barry

(25)

30 (24) inpatients

AMI (175 mg or equivalent) +

Li (n = 15) versus 6 bilat. 

ECT (n = 15); 3 weeks,

randomized, nonblind

Li: 10 of 15 (67%) responders

ECT: 11 of 15 (73%) responders

Li = ECT

up to 21 days

van Marwijk et al.

(112)

51 (42) elderly inpatients

with major depression

AMI (n = 39), maprotiline (n

=5) mianserin (n = 3 ),

imipramine  (n = 2).

chlorimipramine (n = 1),

dothiepin (n =1) + Li;

open, uncontrolled, 3 wks

33 of 51 (65%) responders

35% marked

30% partial

up to 42 days

Joffee et al. (47)

50 outpatients with major

depression

Desipramine (n = 46), IMI(n

=5).  Random assignment

to Li (900 mg; n = 17), T₃

(37.5 mcg; n = 17), or PBO

(n = 16).

Li 0 of 17 (53%) responders

T₃: 10 of 17 (59%) responders

PBO: 3 of 16 (19%) responders

LI = T₃ > PBO

up to 14 days

Schopf et al. (93)

27 (25 inpatients and 2

outpatients with

endogenous depression

TCA, HCA, and SRI

antidepressants; random

assignments to 1 wk of

PBO (n = 13) or Li (600-

800 mg/d); All patients

received 14 days of Li

treatment 

Li > PBO

48% Li response after 14 days

up to 14 days

Fontaine et al. 

(32)

60 outpatients with

major depression with

melancholia

Desipramine (n = 30),

fluoxetine (n = 30), pen,

uncontrolled, 6 wks plus 8

weeks further follow-up;

Li (300-1,200 mg)

DMI: 17 of 30 (57%) responders

FXT: 18 of 30 (60%) responders

Relapse rates: DMI (0%), FXT

(25%)

up to 42 days

up to 14 weeks

Stein & Bernadt

(97)

34 outpatients with major

depression

Multiple tricyclics:

Group 1 (n = 16): Li 250 mg/

d X 3 wks, 750 mg/d X 6

wks

Group 2: PBO X 3 wks, Li:

250 mg X 3 wks, Li: 750

mg X 6 wks

PBO = Li 250 mg < Li 750 mg

Li (750 mg): 44% (15/34)

up to 21 days