TABLE 3. ß-Adrenergic receptor subtypes: proximal effects, receptor pharmacology and distribution in the CNS

ß-AR

subtype

G protein

Mediator

Second

Messenger

Subtype-selective Agonists

Subtypeselective Antagonists

b-AR protein

localization

ß1

Gs

cAMP

Ro 363

xameterol

denopamine

metoprolol

practolol

atenolol

betaxolol

CGP20712A

Cingulate cortex,

cerebral cortex,

hippocampus,

thalamus,

substantia nigra,

olfactory tubercle,

nuclei of medulla

ß2

Gs

cAMP

Terbutaline

salbutamol

salmeterol

zinterol

Butoxamine

ICI 118,551

oxprenolol

Cerebellum,

pia mater,

thalamic nuclei,

neostriatum,

cerebral cortex,

substantia nigra,

olfactory tubercle,

nuclei of medulla

ß3

Gs

Gi (?)

cAMP

CGP 12177

BRL 37344

pindolol

oxprenolol

None identified to date

hypothalamus

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published 2000